River Flow Monitoring Solution

　　I. River flow monitoring the purpose of

　　The channel is manually constructed on-site, with a small cross-section and low sediment content. Therefore, a Doppler ultrasonic river‑channel flow meter is recommended, as it can simultaneously measure water level, discharge, and flow velocity. Additional sensors can be added to monitor water quality, including routine five‑parameter measurements, COD, ammonia nitrogen, and other relevant parameters, enabling real-time water‑quality monitoring within the channel. Live video streaming allows on‑site conditions to be viewed in real time, while all data can be accessed via a wireless platform and analyzed on WeChat or a computer.

　　II. Overall River Flow Monitoring System

　　Based on feedback from field personnel, it is necessary to monitor the local river. Doppler ultrasonic flow meters are used to measure water level, discharge, flow velocity, and water quality parameters—including pH, dissolved oxygen, electrical conductivity, turbidity, water temperature, COD, and ammonia nitrogen—simultaneously. The telemetry terminals are centrally connected; they can be powered via plug‑in or transmit data over a wired link to the Xide Cloud platform, enabling real-time data sharing on WeChat or a computer.

　　Power Supply: We recommend using a solar‑powered system or grid‑connected power. If you upload data every five minutes, solar power is suitable for long‑term monitoring applications and can reliably support continuous operation even during a month of consecutive overcast and rainy days.

　　III. The entire river‑channel flow monitoring scheme consists of the following components:

　　1. River-channel flow monitoring probe: This probe can simultaneously measure water level, flow rate, flow velocity, and water temperature.

　　2. Water quality sensors: pH, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, turbidity, water temperature, COD, ammonia nitrogen, and more.

　　3. Telemetry Terminal: The primary function of this telemetry terminal is to aggregate and compute the flow rates and related data from each measurement point, then transmit the information to the server via the GPRS wireless network.

　　4. Solar panels and batteries: Primarily used to power sensor probes and telemetry terminals. Typically, a 38 Ah/12 V battery and a 40 W solar panel are employed for power supply. By default, data is collected every 5 minutes.

　　5. Galvanized steel pipe: Used for cable routing.

　　6. Equipment Cabinet: Used to house the controller, battery, charger, signal surge arrester, and other components.

　　7. Mounting bracket: Used to secure the flowmeter probe inside the channel.

　　8. Other necessary equipment (power supply, ground cage, foundation, etc.).

　　Advantages of Doppler ultrasonic flowmeters:

　　1. The river flow monitoring boasts high accuracy, with velocity measurement precision reaching 1% of the measured velocity.

　　2. The velocity‑area method can be used to measure flow in channels of various shapes or with irregular cross‑sections. It is easy to use: simply secure the instrument within the channel to complete the measurement.

　　3. It can measure flow rates as low as 2 cm/s, a capability that other flow sensors cannot achieve.

　　4. No head loss and no obstruction to water flow.

　　5. River flow monitoring The overall height of the device is 3 cm.